Saturday, April 27, 2013

is necessary create a virtual machine to install Linux and window 7?

Q. I have installed window 7 in my PC and I want to install linux ubuntu also.I saw a tutorial with a virtual machine way .I want to know if other way is possible and ,how it make.

A. Virtual Machines are inherently slow in comparison to a Hard Drive installation however you can use the windows installer on Ubuntu to Dual Boot without committing yourself

Installing Ubuntu as a dual-boot with Windows without partitioning
http://psychocats.net/ubuntu/wubi

Download Ubuntu Desktop Edition
http://www.ubuntu.com/desktop/get-ubuntu/download

Ubuntu 10.10 (Maverick Meerkat) User Guide
http://ubuntuguide.org/wiki/Ubuntu:Maverick

I thoroughly recommend Linux Mint 9 Main Edition which is built upon Ubuntu 10.04 Its easy to install and easy to use plus it comes with much of the software you are likely to need preinstalled

Linux Mint has a similar installer called mint4win (mint4win works the same as Wubi so the instructions outlined above are almost identical)

You keep Windows as it is, mint4win only adds an extra option to boot into Linux Mint. mint4win does not require you to modify the partitions of your PC, or to use a different bootloader, and does not install special drivers. It works just like any other application.

mint4win keeps most of the files in one folder, and if you do not like it, you can simply uninstall it as any other application.

Boot in to windows insert the Linux Mint LiveCD and you will offered the option of installing inside windows which is where the mint4win installer comes in, you will be asked how many gigabytes you wish to allocate to Linux Mint (I recommend 8gb) then you set a password for your installation then click install and thats it.

Once Linux Mint is fully installed upon starting your PC you will be given a choice of which operating system you want to use Windows or Linux Mint

Linux Mint 9 Download
http://www.linuxmint.com/edition.php?id=52

Linux Mint 9 User Guide
http://www.linuxmint.com/rel_isadora.php

also worth considering is Linux Mint 10 which is based upon Ubuntu 10.10

Linux Mint 10 Download
http://www.linuxmint.com/edition.php?id=67

Linux Mint 10 User Guide
http://linuxmint.com/rel_julia.php

You download the ISO. image of Linux Mint 9 or Linux Mint 10 then you need to create a Bootable LiveCD for installation

Linux Mint 9 and Linux Mint 10 and can also be run direct from the LiveCD from Boot without touching your Hard Drive


LUg.

which is the best virtual machine software which runs over vista and fully supports linux?
Q. I am planning to install Linux over my Vista using a virtual machine....does anyone know which virtual machine should i use?
Thanks for you reply guys!!! Can you tell me which VMware should i use coz i saw many versions ...Wubi is good but i want to install Ubuntu in virtual machine environment just to try ....if i like it i will actually install in my hard drive.

A. I recommend VirtualBox http://www.virtualbox.org/ I have used it to test countless Linux distros.

Alternatively you can run off a LiveCD. You download an ISO of the distro. and create a bootable disc using Nero Burning ROM or similar software.

Once you have done that you can Linux LIVE without touching your Hard Drive and performance would be improved to that of a Virtual installation.

I recommend Linux Mint 4.0 (Daryna) http://www.linuxmint.com/rel_daryna.php which is superior to raw Ubuntu and easy to install and use http://www.howtoforge.com/desktop-installation-guide-linux-mint-4.0-daryna This is an installation guide but it also gives a detailed summary of the contents of Linux Mint and may come in useful should you decide to install it on VirtualBox.


LUg.

Is it possible to run a real computer, (on an external drive, or another partition) inside a virtual machine?
Q. I am somewhat experienced with computers and used virtual machines on a range of OS's (host and virtual).
I am currently dual-booting Linux(Debian-based) and Windows(vista).

My question really is: Can i use my windows inside a virtual machine on my Linux, or my Linux inside a virtual machine on my Windows?

Any reply is appreciated!

A. If you're experienced with virtual machines and have done it before... why are you asking?

Anyway, go to http://www.vmware.com/ and download the free one. You can also (if this is what you're asking) connect to an already existing hard drive, partition, etc., and boot the OS that way. Works A LOT better with the already-existing Linux hard drive than vice-versa.

It is Linux, Windows, etc., compatible as both a host and a guest OS.



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How does red hat linux work?

Q. I am interested in getting red hat workstation. I am very confused about subscriptions and such though. When I logged on to the website it said I can download the iso for all their operating systems, so what is the point of a subscription? Customer service wont answer and I really want to know. Also what is the difference between desktop and workstation? PLEASE ANSWER. Thank you so much!

A. The Subscriptions are for the Tech Support and also for all of the updates (Security Patches and what not).

Why don't you just go with Community Enterprise Operating System (CentOS) http://www.centos.org/ which is a rebranded clone of Red Hat Enterprise Linux.

Where can I download an iso of Red Hat 6 for free?
Q. I do know about Fedora and the RHEL rebrands such as CentOS. Is Red Hat free to use if support is not needed, or do they charge for updates as well as support?

A. It was my understanding that Red Hat is one of the very few Linux Distributions that you are required to pay for.... Try something else, like Ubuntu...
www.ubuntu.com

Thousands of pages of community and company support, easy to use, etc..

How do i delete Linux OS off my computer?
Q. I want to take off Linux red hat OS off my comp. so I can download windows XP and I'm new in the IT world can someone PLEASE take me step by step through this process
When I try and boot from CD (XP OS) it gives me a black screen? I feel like I need to edit in terminal?

A. When you're installing Windows XP, you'll have the option of deleting the Linux partition and installing Windows XP over it.



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What does it mean for windows users if basic knowledge of linux commands are required?

Q. For example FTP and Telnet both run Linux. So that would indicate that some basic konwledge of Linux commands is necessary. However, I am a Windows user...

A. FTP can run on Linux, but it doesn't always run on Linux.

You can run an FTP server on Windows and an FTP client on Windows. Same for Mac.

It is just a File Transfer Protocol. The protocol is cross-platform, not Linux-specific.

Is there a way to reset the stats for the Linux command df?
Q. For a while now whenever I use the command df in Linux it shows that one of my partitions is full but if I use the du -ac command it shows that I am using only 4.2 of 7.8 Gigs of storage. Is there a way to reset the stats for the Linux command df?

A. Df and du do not measure the same exact things. You can google for: df VS du and see a lot of explanations.

Please suggest me a software that i can install in windows XP inorder to learn LINUX commands?
Q. I want to learn linux commands on windows platform (without the requirement of linux OS). I had a software but i forgot the name, can please help getting that similar kind of functionality.

Thank you all for your kind suggestions and Hints.

A. If you want native solution, then Cygwin is the best. It allows you to configure and install only those applications that you want.



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What free linux is the closest to windows?

Q. What linux works the closest to Windows and is also free?

A. I recommend Linux Mint 6 (Main Edition) which you will find familiar and it works pretty much 'out of the box'.

Linux Mint 6 Release notes
http://www.linuxmint.com/rel_felicia.php
Linux Mint 6 Download
http://www.linuxmint.com/edition.php?id=31

You download the ISO. image of Linux Mint 6 then you need to create a Bootable CD from the ISO. This can easily be done using Nero Burning ROM or similar software. Linux Mint 6 can be run straight from the LiveCD you have created without touching your Hard Drive.

If you find you like Linux Mint 6

Linux Mint 6 installation tutorial
http://www.howtoforge.com/the-perfect-desktop-linux-mint-6-felicia

Screenshot of my custom LiveDVD of Mint 6 running Beryl 0.2.1
http://s266.photobucket.com/albums/ii256/Linux_Ubuntu_geek/?action=view&current=Screenshot-1.png


LUg.

What Linux app will allow you to view a webcam from a windows user?
Q. Me and my boyfriend are trying to see my cam. He has Linux though and I run on through Windows. What can he download to be able to see my camera?

A. I would suggest doing a little bit of research on the model of web cam, as you can usually find some step by step tutorials for how to use the camera in Linux.

For example, I have an old Linksys camera and I can use VLC to use it, as well as a few other commands which I found when I searched for the name of the camera and the type of Linux I was using.

How to remove "linux mint" from my Win7 GRUB screen?
Q. I recently ran linux mint form a usb drive, but I decided that I don't like it. Ever since, as soon as I power on my computer, I have to choose to boot into Windows 7 or Linux mint. Some tutorials I saw required a repair disk to boot into command prompt, which I don't have. Any advice would be greatly appreciated.

A. What you need to do is rebuild the BCD Store.
That is where that message is coming from.
It is sort of the new and improved bootloader starting
AFTER XP.
That can be a complex process, so lets go at this the
way you already were.

EVERY Win7 system will allow you you to make a "Win7 Repair Disk".
Note it is only for repairs, very important ones, (but somewhat small repairs.)

Please see the following MS link about getting this VERY helpful disk
(while the computer is working...)
http://windows.microsoft.com/en-US/windows7/Create-a-system-repair-disc
See below if link breaks.



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What are some cheap graphics tablets for drawing on a computer?

Q. I want reliability and cost -$50. I'm inexperienced with digital art so if you could also share what problems may arise please inform me. I use Mac and Linux, not Windows.

A. There are very few for $50 unless you find something on eBay or get one that is used and very small size. This one is around $53: http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16823166106&cm_re=graphic_tablet-_-23-166-106-_-Product

Others: http://www.newegg.com/Product/ProductList.aspx?Submit=ENE&IsNodeId=1&Description=graphic%20tablet&bop=And&Order=BESTMATCH&PageSize=100

Ron

What art programs can you use on an Android Tablet?
Q. I just got an android tablet and wanted to start doing a little more art like drawing and stuff and was wondering if I could download something like GIMP,PSE, ect.

A. You cant use GIMP and Photoshop Elements in Android tablets. You can only use them on Macs, Windows, and (for GIMP only) on Linux operating systems.

are tablet laptops good for graphic design students?
Q. I use photoshop a lot. Im going to college in a few months and though about getting a macbook pro, but than I came across the tablet laptops.
Would it be better to get one of those or a mac?
And also, would a table laptop run a game like WoW for when I have some free time?

A. Check up on what your school recommends. Some tracks are platform agnostic and some recommend specific things. A tablet laptop would be fine, but they're spendier and can be cumbersome. Try one out at a store before buying.

And Carling, you honestly think that Linux is a good choice for graphic design?? Yeah, come back when either the Adobe Creative Suite runs flawlessly in Linux or the world switches to GIMP. Until then, enough of your incessant rabid open-source fanboyism.



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What is a good book/website to learn how to make a linux server out of some old computers?

Q. I can't seem to find something in depth or complete enough for me. I have a basic understanding of Fedora Core. Any tips or suggestions are greatly appreciated.

A. ask the question here
http://www.fedoraforum.org/
you will get a lot more information because of the specialised interest of its participants.

What are the basic steps to configure IPTables with Fedora Core 5?
Q. I want to use open-source operating system for the first time. Currently, I used to install fedora core 5 on my server, the problem is I don't know how to share my internet connection. And I tried to visit some online forums but I was not satisfied with there given answer. They just recommended to configure iptables but there is no information in a way how to do it. Please help me..Thank you very much!

A. Sorry, i have no experience with Fedora, only Ubuntu and never had to configure IPTables, but i found a few howto's on the net.
Hope at least one of them is helpfull.

Good luck.

How do you purchase Windows Server Licenses?
Q. I wish to purchase a VPS server and I wish to use Windows Server on it. I will probably buy 3-4 VPS for different projects. The servers will be with no OS. How do I obtain a license for the windows server and how much is it?

Thank you!

A. on a vps why would you want to buy windows ?

windows server is only valid for that one virtual machine and as you can see by the price here

http://www.microsoft.com/windowsserver2008/en/us/pricing.aspx

is it really worth it ?

i suggest you use an enterprise linux or server linux,
centos and fedora are both free



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Which is the smallest Linux distro which can read ntfs partitions?

Q. I need to recover some files from my windows installation using a linux live cd. I have some imp documents in c: which i need to copy into a pen drive. Which will be the most suitable linux for this purpose?

A. You could use Puppy linux.
You could also use a Windows "live cd" such as Bart's PE.

How can I install Linux Mint 7 on a net book?
Q. Please help! I am not happy with Windows XP and want to switch over to Linux Mint 7. The problem is, that I have a net book and do not know how to install Linux without a CD-Drive. Can I install it using a pen drive/ external hard drive? Please give me a detailed informatory paragraph with the exact steps.

A. Here is a link to how to install linux mint without a cd drive. You could run mint from the usb or do what they call a frugal install.
Did you check to see if the specs for the netbook are adequate for linux mint, or any other full linux distro?
You may need to use a linux distro that is customized for the netbook. Here ar some links that discuss various distros for the netbook
Good luck

How can I keep my programming lab away from viruses?
Q. I maintain a undergraduate basic computer programming lab.

There are thirty windows PCs. No Internet connections.

Students are allowed to use USB pen drives. So spreading of virus is a common problem. But since Internet is not available, anti-virus software are not used because of the unavailability of frequent update.

Linux is not an option. This is because, we need to run windows-based software.

So what can I do to prevent the spreading of viruses?

A. Disable autorun for USB.

Microsoft also makes a product where all the computers boot from a stable known image on every reboot.

You can also put update detection for many anti-virus programs on a disk and update from that.



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Which linux os can i download which i can install with xp also?

Q. i want to download linux os from net for free.. i want to have it without removing my windows xp.. which linux version can i download and from where and i need to know everything about linux.. what is it.. and what is the best version(edit,release) u recommend me to download.

A. I would say go for the superb new Ubuntu 9.04 although still a Beta release it is outstanding.

You have two options.

First download Ubuntu 9.04 Beta http://releases.ubuntu.com/releases/9.04/ Select the top option.

Once you have downloaded the iso. create a Bootable LiveCD using Nero Burning ROM or similar software.

First option.

Ubuntu 9.04 contains a piece of software called Wubi installer on the LiveCD you have just created. With Wubi installer you can install Ubuntu within Windows.
You keep Windows as it is, Wubi only adds an extra option to boot into Ubuntu. Wubi does not require you to modify the partitions of your PC, or to use a different bootloader, and does not install special drivers. It works just like any other application.
Wubi keeps most of the files in one folder, and if you do not like it, you can simply uninstall it as any other application.

Second option.

Ubuntu 9.04 can also be run straight from the LiveCD you have created without touching your Hard Drive.

LUg.

What Linux os is the best one to install on a computer?
Q. For people wanting to download media files on? And are all Linux os's free or atleast the good ones? Is there any point of me putting linux on my d drive so I can switch back and fourth from windows 7 to Linux?

A. Most Linux distributions aimed at home/office users are free.
There is no "best". This test will help you decide: http://www.zegeniestudios.net/ldc/
As you are probably a new linux user, I would recommend ubuntu or openSUSE. It can install and configure the GRUB loader for you, which is what you need to dual-boot windows and linux, and yes, you should definitely keep your windows installation.

BTW, All distros are able to download media files, most of them able to play them straight away (I would say all, but then there is Arch and Ubuntu Server ;)).

There's really no reason to think of which distro to choose for too much, most are quite similar. The only major differences between distros are the package managing systems and the pre-installed packages. Anotherdifference is, for example, that in Ubuntu, unlike Debian, you can not su root (=login as superuser) by default. (TTheoreticallyyou can make Debian look and behave exactly like Ubuntu with some configuration work, though.)

Are there any linux os that will run on an old laptop with a Linksys wireless card?
Q. I have a few Linux OS i have tried out and none of them worked with a Linksys wifi card. Can a Linksys wireless card work with Linux or is there another OS that will work with it and work on an old computer?
I am running on a very slow and old laptop Pentium 3 with original windows 98 installed on it.

A. Find what model card you have and see if it is supported, ie google ubuntu + card model. It may simply be a matter of installing the appropriate driver from the repository.

An alternative is to install ndiswrapper, if it isn't already installed, and use the .inf file from the XP drivers for the card, which you can download from the manufacturers website.

If the machine doesn't have at least 256 meg of ram then it won't be capable of web surfing.

The lightest full system to use would be puppy. Xpud is also worth a try, it is basically just a browser and a file manager. The best choice for a polished, configurable system would be lubuntu (ubuntu with the lxde desktop).

Cheers!



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How do I change the command line prompt to show just the login id.?

Q. This is on a linux virtual machine?

A. The easiest way to do it for all users is to edit the file /etc/profile.

There should be some lines in that file for setting PS1, which is the primary shell prompt. You can edit or add lines like this:

PS1='\u@\h:\$ '
export PS1

This will make the default prompt this, with a space after the dollar sign:

user@hostname $

How do I create user accounts using a script that reads a list of names from a file?
Q. It creates user accounts for each name. This is on a linux virtual machine.

A. You'll have to write a shell script that reads the names and information from the file one line at a time, then pipes it to a tool like adduser, which will then add the user information to the appropriate system files. This has to be done as root or with admin privileges.

How can I access a network shared (NFS) linux partition on my windows machine?
Q. One way to do it is install a linux virtual machine on my windows (using vmware/vpc) and use it to mount the NFS partition. Will it work? Is there any other way? Some other software.
I don't have admin access to the partition. Basically, I dont have any support from my sys admin too. (hypothetically :)

A. First, you can try Start->Run and enter //servername

Do you have admin access to the Linux machine? You could install a Samba server to it and mount it from there.



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How can i access a RAID partition from Linux?

Q. I am playing around with Mandriva, a distribution of Linux. I have windows installed on a separate RAID 0+1 setup and i want to access my files from Mandriva. How can i do this? I'm reading about samba shares but i'm not so sure I understand. Is there a directory i can just type in to access my windows partition?

A. Just mount the partition.

How can I mount a disk I unmounted on my Mac?
Q. I ejected one of my hard drives by accident and when I tried to mount it again, it says "Mount failed. Try running first aid on the disk and then retry mounting. I ran first aid (both verify and repair disk) and that failed as well. It's an almost new disk with all my most important files (of course). The recommended action by First Aid is to erase and reformat.

A. If you're familiar with the Terminal application you could try getting the drive mounted via the command line. The programs you'll likely need are "fsck" to make sure the partition is clean and "mount" to actually mount the partition. Unfortunately those tools have a bit of a learning curve if you don't have any UNIX/Linux background.

Another option is other GUI-based disk/mount utilities. "Mount Me!" has worked for some people but I haven't had a need for it personally.

My computer memory is split in to two drives on linux, How to utilize it?
Q. I'm not very pro-efficient at using Linux yet. My laptop has 320GB of memory but on this partition I only have 90GB or less. How to open the other partition or make use of the rest of my memory?

A. Your drive is split into partitions, your memory isn't split.

Just make a mount point and mount the other partition.



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What is the linux command to obtain the PID number of a specific program running?

Q. I'm tired to use the "top" and search around for the PID of a program that I know is running on a remote terminal, left open by someone else, and that I want to kill. I wonder if there is a linux command that would return the PID of only that program.

A. ps aux | grep processname
or
pidof processname

How to enter password by linux command?
Q. As the title.I would like to find out How to enter password by linux command?

eg: when you write a script to sudo root. then you will be asked to enter password.
how can i do it by linux script? Is there a command can do the job?
Thanks in advance.

A. Don't. just run sudo script instead of trying to put sudo into the script.

What does it mean for windows users if basic knowledge of linux commands are required?
Q. For example FTP and Telnet both run Linux. So that would indicate that some basic konwledge of Linux commands is necessary. However, I am a Windows user...

A. FTP can run on Linux, but it doesn't always run on Linux.

You can run an FTP server on Windows and an FTP client on Windows. Same for Mac.

It is just a File Transfer Protocol. The protocol is cross-platform, not Linux-specific.



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is necessary create a virtual machine to install Linux and window 7?

Q. I have installed window 7 in my PC and I want to install linux ubuntu also.I saw a tutorial with a virtual machine way .I want to know if other way is possible and ,how it make.

A. Virtual Machines are inherently slow in comparison to a Hard Drive installation however you can use the windows installer on Ubuntu to Dual Boot without committing yourself

Installing Ubuntu as a dual-boot with Windows without partitioning
http://psychocats.net/ubuntu/wubi

Download Ubuntu Desktop Edition
http://www.ubuntu.com/desktop/get-ubuntu/download

Ubuntu 10.10 (Maverick Meerkat) User Guide
http://ubuntuguide.org/wiki/Ubuntu:Maverick

I thoroughly recommend Linux Mint 9 Main Edition which is built upon Ubuntu 10.04 Its easy to install and easy to use plus it comes with much of the software you are likely to need preinstalled

Linux Mint has a similar installer called mint4win (mint4win works the same as Wubi so the instructions outlined above are almost identical)

You keep Windows as it is, mint4win only adds an extra option to boot into Linux Mint. mint4win does not require you to modify the partitions of your PC, or to use a different bootloader, and does not install special drivers. It works just like any other application.

mint4win keeps most of the files in one folder, and if you do not like it, you can simply uninstall it as any other application.

Boot in to windows insert the Linux Mint LiveCD and you will offered the option of installing inside windows which is where the mint4win installer comes in, you will be asked how many gigabytes you wish to allocate to Linux Mint (I recommend 8gb) then you set a password for your installation then click install and thats it.

Once Linux Mint is fully installed upon starting your PC you will be given a choice of which operating system you want to use Windows or Linux Mint

Linux Mint 9 Download
http://www.linuxmint.com/edition.php?id=52

Linux Mint 9 User Guide
http://www.linuxmint.com/rel_isadora.php

also worth considering is Linux Mint 10 which is based upon Ubuntu 10.10

Linux Mint 10 Download
http://www.linuxmint.com/edition.php?id=67

Linux Mint 10 User Guide
http://linuxmint.com/rel_julia.php

You download the ISO. image of Linux Mint 9 or Linux Mint 10 then you need to create a Bootable LiveCD for installation

Linux Mint 9 and Linux Mint 10 and can also be run direct from the LiveCD from Boot without touching your Hard Drive


LUg.

which is the best virtual machine software which runs over vista and fully supports linux?
Q. I am planning to install Linux over my Vista using a virtual machine....does anyone know which virtual machine should i use?
Thanks for you reply guys!!! Can you tell me which VMware should i use coz i saw many versions ...Wubi is good but i want to install Ubuntu in virtual machine environment just to try ....if i like it i will actually install in my hard drive.

A. I recommend VirtualBox http://www.virtualbox.org/ I have used it to test countless Linux distros.

Alternatively you can run off a LiveCD. You download an ISO of the distro. and create a bootable disc using Nero Burning ROM or similar software.

Once you have done that you can Linux LIVE without touching your Hard Drive and performance would be improved to that of a Virtual installation.

I recommend Linux Mint 4.0 (Daryna) http://www.linuxmint.com/rel_daryna.php which is superior to raw Ubuntu and easy to install and use http://www.howtoforge.com/desktop-installation-guide-linux-mint-4.0-daryna This is an installation guide but it also gives a detailed summary of the contents of Linux Mint and may come in useful should you decide to install it on VirtualBox.


LUg.

Is it possible to run a real computer, (on an external drive, or another partition) inside a virtual machine?
Q. I am somewhat experienced with computers and used virtual machines on a range of OS's (host and virtual).
I am currently dual-booting Linux(Debian-based) and Windows(vista).

My question really is: Can i use my windows inside a virtual machine on my Linux, or my Linux inside a virtual machine on my Windows?

Any reply is appreciated!

A. If you're experienced with virtual machines and have done it before... why are you asking?

Anyway, go to http://www.vmware.com/ and download the free one. You can also (if this is what you're asking) connect to an already existing hard drive, partition, etc., and boot the OS that way. Works A LOT better with the already-existing Linux hard drive than vice-versa.

It is Linux, Windows, etc., compatible as both a host and a guest OS.



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What is a good free Linux antivirus?

Q. I realize that Linux doesn't need antiviruses, but I want one just to be safe. What are some good, free Linux antiviruses?

A. Linux antivirus programs are mostly run on servers that are doing things like passing mail through; in other words, they're checking for Windows viruses before sending things downstream. You don't sound like you're in this situation.

Ignore the people saying to use Windows or to get an antivirus anyway; they're idiots. The best way to avoid getting a virus is to not use root privileges all willy-nilly. Don't run things with sudo or enter your password at a graphical prompt unless you know exactly why you're doing it, and preferably only install software through your package manager. It's nigh-impossible to get affected this way, and is much better protection than any antivirus could ever be.

Will a Linux operating system be difficult for somebody who used only Windows all life?
Q. Today I decided that I am officially tired with Windows and want to install Linux on my laptop. I read on a website all the pro and cons of each operating system ( Windows, OS, Linux) and discovered that Linux is the only one who had the pro list longer than the cons list. ( windows too vulnerable and Macs too pricey). In any case,in the Linux cons list it said that Linux should only be used by experienced computer users. I know my way around a computer but I cannot call myself and expert. Would it be difficult to transition from Windows to Linux if I am not a computer expert?

A. Welcome to the would of Linux based OSs!!

At one point or another most Linux users made that switch, and it can be difficult IF you try to use Linux (remember Linux is the kernel not the OS) like you use Windows. There is a learning curve that you must overcome. Things are just different, but not difficult. Years ago it was harder, but now, there are many distros (distributions) tailored to new users.

Since you already know the pros and cons, there is no need to discuss them. But when you start using Linux based OSs, you WILL be in "windows mode". This just takes time to overcome. Most people that tried Linux and said it was to hard, did not give themselves enough time to get out of "winblos mode".

When you install a Linux distro, you do not need antivirus, antimalware, firewalls, you do not need to defrag. You can install them if you like, but there is no real need unless it makes you feel better. If you stick to the repos (repositories - just to make it easier to explain - you can think of it like an app store that you use on your phone) you will be safe from malware.

Now the hardest part, at least for me, is to choose which distro. Go to distrowatch.com for info on hundreds of different distros.

Most distros are based on a few main distros. Here is an image to give you an idea how many forked from other distros:
http://files.cyberciti.biz/uploads/tips/2007/06/44218-linuxdistrotimeline-7.2.png

When I made the switch from winblows to Linux, here was my criteria:
1. made for beginners - you will have many problems if you jump to a distro made for experts
2. it must be a popular distro - the more people using it, the more help you will receive. you can ask on YA, in a linux forum, or people you know.
3 must look decent. I just don't like an ugly desktop.

Also, you can take almost any distro and add different desktop environments. You can think of the DE as the user interface. You can take Ubuntu, that ships with the Unity DE, and ad another, say KDE. But they do have this already, and called Kubuntu.

You can take Mint (which I recommend for new users) which you can choose form Cinnamon, GNOME, KDE, MATE, Xfce desktops. Or you can add others. Here is a gallery of some of the DEs:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desktop_environment#Gallery

So I would suggest to get an 8 or larger USB flash drive (or what ever you have) and use a program called YUMI to install as many different distros on that drive as it can hold. You choose which distro to boot into on start up. This way you can try out many different distros.

Also try out many of the different DEs. There is no way to know which one is right for you. since they are personal choice. I recommend the KDE since you are coming from winblows. It is pretty and (to me) easier to use. So I recommend Mint with KDE.

There are other made for beginners. If you decide to use Ubuntu make sure that you have a wired internet connection when you install. Ubuntu does not use closed source or proprietary software (it a FOSS thing). It will ask when you install if you want to use restricted software. Mint ships with this software and works better out of the box.

There are distros made for just about anything. If you have an older computer, there are distros for old computers. If this is the case I suggest to not use KDE but one made for older or slower computers. Like LXDE (You can download Mint with LXDE). There are distros for media production, scientists, educators, security, privacy, embedded, etc.... Heck, you can even put Linux on your router, mp3 player, tv, and other devices.

Here are some others:
http://distrowatch.com/search.php?category=Beginners

How to remove linux from desktop computer using xp cd?
Q. I am using linux in my computer and do not like it and i want to remove it but i have no idea and i only have xp cd tell the full step.

A. HI There,

I had the same experience using LInux and decided to switch back to XP. Many of the applications I used simply did not work with LInux. Also configuring the printer, scanner (and wireless adapter) were difficult or even impossible. Not Linux's fault but the manufacturers did not include drivers for LInux.

It is not difficult to install XP and it only takes about 40 minutes or so for the installation. After installing there will be about 80 updates from Microsoft which will take longer than the install. If you have the original XP then you will want to update to SP-2 and then update to SP-3 since SP-3 is the only version still supported.

Before installing I like to write down the 25 digit key code on the tag located on the CD ( use big letters and numbers to make it easy to read later ).

Also write down all the settings needed to connect to the internet. Once XP is installed they will no longer be available.

Another thing to do is decide upon which antivirus app you want to install and have the CD or file ready on a flash drive ready for when you connect to the internet. At the very least have the URL written down so you can install ASAP. It only takes a few minutes for an unprotected system to be infected by a virus. The first thing to do after connectingto the interent is to install your antivirus and make sure the firewall is enabled.

Now you are ready to install XP.

To install all you need to do is insert your XP CD/DVD into the optical drive and boot from it then follow the instructions.

You will be asked for your time zone , keyboard configuration, password for admin account and at some time you need to enter the 25 digit COA that you have written down.

You do not need to enter a password (just press <Enter> with the dialog box blank or if you want a password; go ahead and enter it (write it down and save in a safe place). I don't use a password but if you do make sure to remember it .

To boot from the optical drive restart your computer and watch the monitor. It will show the memory and hardware check and at the bottom of the screen it will tell you which key to press to change the boot order. Probably <F12>, <F8>, <Esc> or <Delete>.

As soon as that message appears; press the key and it should boot from the CD/DVD.
If you are not quick enough; shut down and try again.

Once the computer has booted from the CD/DVD drive just follow the instructions for a full installation.
This will format the hard drive and install XP to the entire C-Drive. Formatting will erase Linux and set up the drive for Windows XP.

After the installation has finished you will need to reboot and you will be running Windows XP.
First go into security settings and enable the firewall.
Second setup your internet and connect to the internet. Immediately install your antivirus and let it update. Your antivirus may want to do a full system scan as part of the installation. That's OK.

After the antivirus is running Windows will want to update. If it does not ask then go to the Microsoft website and find updates and install them.

Good luck,
Al

Note: if you XP CD/DVD is not a genuine copy for your system the installation will fail at some point or it will not update.



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How can I start Linux and what distribution do you think I should use?

Q. I want to use Linux because I have heard that it is significantly better than IE. My entire family is technologically inept and we only have one computer. How do you think I should start and what distribution do you recommend for a beginner who plans on programming and the like?Any helpful suggestions will be appreciated.

A. I thoroughly recommend two Linux distros.

Linux Mint 9 Main Edition which is based upon Ubuntu 10.04

Linux Mint Debian Edition (LMDE) which is based upon Debian Lenny/Squeeze

Both are easy to install and use plus they come with much of the software you are likely to need preinstalled

Linux Mint 9 Download
http://www.linuxmint.com/edition.php?id=52

The Perfect Desktop - Linux Mint 9 (Isadora)
http://www.howtoforge.com/the-perfect-desktop-linux-mint-9-isadora

Linux Mint Debian Download
http://www.linuxmint.com/edition.php?id=66

Linux Mint 9/Debian User Guide pdf.
http://www.linuxmint.com/rel_isadora.php
http://linuxmint.com/rel_debian.php

HowTo install Nvidia Graphics Drivers on Debian
http://wiki.debian.org/NvidiaGraphicsDrivers#Installapre-builtmodule

Alternatively install Linux Mint as a dual-boot with Windows using mint4win without partitioning mint4win works the same as Wubi as described below (not available on Linux Mint Debian)
http://www.psychocats.net/ubuntu/wubi

You keep Windows as it is, mint4win only adds an extra option to boot into Linux Mint. mint4win does not require you to modify the partitions of your PC, or to use a different bootloader, and does not install special drivers. It works just like any other application.

mint4win keeps most of the files in one folder, and if you do not like it, you can simply uninstall it as any other application.

Boot in to windows insert the Linux Mint LiveCD and you will offered the option of installing inside windows which is where the mint4win installer comes in, you will be asked how many gigabytes you wish to allocate to Linux Mint (I recommend 8gb) then you set a password for your installation then click install and thats it.

Once Linux Mint is fully installed upon starting your PC you will be given a choice of which operating system you want to use Windows or Linux Mint

You download the ISO. image of Linux Mint 9 or Linux Mint Debian then you need to create a Bootable LiveCD/DVD for installation

Linux Mint 9 and Linux Mint Debian can also be run direct from the LiveCD/DVD from Booting up without touching your Hard Drive




LUg.

How can I remove Linux from my computer and restore the partition space to windows?
Q. I have both Linux Mint 11 and windows 7 on my computer and I no longer want it on my computer so... ya, pretty much says it all in the title.

A. (NOTE: A page titled "How to uninstall Fedora" was added to the project wiki after this blog was published, as noted in the comment section below in a post titled "Contribution is easy.")

Try "remove Fedora."

Nothing.

Go to Ubuntu's official documentation site and search for "uninstall Ubuntu."

You won't find anything in the "official" documentation but in the "community" section you find two entries that state "Wubi allows you to install and uninstall Ubuntu...."

In an installed Ubuntu distribution, clicking on Help and searching for uninstalling or removing Ubuntu finds nothing. A link ârepeat the search online at the Ubuntu help pagesâ brings up a 404 â page not found.

If you look hard enough on the real community support pages you'll find a post from July 2007 titled "HowTo: Remove Ubuntu (& Restore Windows)" .

Have a cow
The post starts out: "Okay, I know some people are going to have a cow because I'm posting this."

(No kidding. Just take a look at the excoriating flames that are sure to appear in the comments section of this blog.)

OpenSUSE does better. A search there finds the page titled SDB:How to Uninstall Linux from December 2006. The page includes more than 1,300 words to describe various processes.

Go to Google and search "install Linux" and you get about 1,450,000 hits. Try "uninstall Linux" and you get about 16,800. "Remove Linux" gets you about 53,300.

Why is it so hard to find instructions to remove Linux and then so hard to actually do it?

Why can't you just easily find the uninstall procedure in a help file, and click a button and follow the instructions?

Windows makes it easy
Opening the Windows XP Help and Support Center and searching for "uninstall Windows" brings up, first thing, "Uninstall Windows XP" and a 5-step process from the Control Center.

Did you know that in a dual-boot install Linux will partition your hard disk and if you remove the partitions without restoring the Master Boot Record on your boot-up disk, your computer won't start?

Did you know you'll likely need separate applications such as fixmbr or fdisk or partitioning software to get your system back the way it was, hopefully having not lost any data? Or you may need to change a BIOS setting to boot to a Windows CD and use its "Recovery Console?" These all depend on your version of Linux. Again, openSUSE seems to do the best job in automating the process, with the "YaST2 Control Center."

Oh, and if that dual installation included Windows, and partitions were resized, "Microsoft does not support Windows installed on partitions manipulated in this manner."

So it's just you and that Linux documentation. Good luck.

Now, I don't have any great love for Windows and I like Linux. I really do. I'm going to use it and learn a lot more about it.

But if you're a newbie like me, you'd best be warned. Searching various Linux forums finds a lot of users who have had problems uninstalling the OS and have lost data in the process.

Go back to Windoze? You're stupid
And while there are some helpful Linux aficionados who try to help these people out -- and others searching for uninstall help -- there are too many posters who take the attitude along the lines of: "Why would you want to uninstall Linux? That's crazy. You must be stupid to want to go back to Windoze."

If you want to try Linux out while keeping Windows, it's a real good idea to try it from a "live" Linux CD/DVD instead of installing it on a hard disk. Iâve tried several. The response is slower, of course, but you get an idea of how it works and donât risk losing anything. For Ubuntu the Wubi installer accomplishes the same thing by treating Ubuntu as a Windows application.

Do your homework
If you do install Linux on a disk, make sure you do a full system backup. And make sure you have a bootable "rescue" or "system" CD. And really do your homework. Read up on disk partitioning and logical volumes and extended partitions and mounts; and GRUB and LILO bootloaders; and NTFS, FAT 32 and ext3 file systems; and gparted and maybe the commercial app Partition Magic -- which supposedly merges/resizes partitions without destroying data -- and so on.

Then read it all again. And be careful our there.

How different is a Linux network compared to a Unix network?
Q. How different is a Linux network compared to a Unix network? I understand a Unix network has mainframes, etc.

What are the things a Unix network has but a Linux network does not have and can never have?

A. Uhm... nooo.... Unix networking has about zero to do with mainframes.

Actually, Unix networking and Linux networking are pretty darned close with little or no exceptions.

Where are you getting your information from? Where ever it is, its bad information. Don't go there any more.



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How to remove Linux Mint from my flash drive to install a different distro of Linux?

Q. I installed Linux Mint 10 to my flash drive using the UNetBootin program. I only wanted to give it a test run. Now that I know Linux, I want a different distro. I was just wondering if there was a way to take off the Linux OS from my 4 gig flash drive. Thanks!

A. Which ever Linux you decide on should automatically reformat the flash drive and install itself in place of what was already on the flash drive. If not, you would reformat it with the required Linux partitions and install the new one.

How do I establish a linux operatings system that would be similar to windows?
Q. Linux is free right. So if I have to buy a new hardrive, I won't need windows which is expensive. But how do I know which I should use. There seems to be many different linux operating system.

A. There are many flavours so you need to decide what you want to do with it (use it as a server, as a desktop etc). There are distributions who offer Live CD's. You boot up from a Live CD and are able to test that particular distribution without actually having to install it until you decide it's good for you.

Search on the net for tips about choosing a linux distribution.
http://wiki.linuxquestions.org/wiki/Choosing_a_Linux_distribution

Ubuntu should be good for a beginner.

How can I start Linux and what distribution do you think I should use?
Q. I want to use Linux because I have heard that it is significantly better than IE. My entire family is technologically inept and we only have one computer. How do you think I should start and what distribution do you recommend for a beginner who plans on programming and the like?Any helpful suggestions will be appreciated.

A. I thoroughly recommend two Linux distros.

Linux Mint 9 Main Edition which is based upon Ubuntu 10.04

Linux Mint Debian Edition (LMDE) which is based upon Debian Lenny/Squeeze

Both are easy to install and use plus they come with much of the software you are likely to need preinstalled

Linux Mint 9 Download
http://www.linuxmint.com/edition.php?id=52

The Perfect Desktop - Linux Mint 9 (Isadora)
http://www.howtoforge.com/the-perfect-desktop-linux-mint-9-isadora

Linux Mint Debian Download
http://www.linuxmint.com/edition.php?id=66

Linux Mint 9/Debian User Guide pdf.
http://www.linuxmint.com/rel_isadora.php
http://linuxmint.com/rel_debian.php

HowTo install Nvidia Graphics Drivers on Debian
http://wiki.debian.org/NvidiaGraphicsDrivers#Installapre-builtmodule

Alternatively install Linux Mint as a dual-boot with Windows using mint4win without partitioning mint4win works the same as Wubi as described below (not available on Linux Mint Debian)
http://www.psychocats.net/ubuntu/wubi

You keep Windows as it is, mint4win only adds an extra option to boot into Linux Mint. mint4win does not require you to modify the partitions of your PC, or to use a different bootloader, and does not install special drivers. It works just like any other application.

mint4win keeps most of the files in one folder, and if you do not like it, you can simply uninstall it as any other application.

Boot in to windows insert the Linux Mint LiveCD and you will offered the option of installing inside windows which is where the mint4win installer comes in, you will be asked how many gigabytes you wish to allocate to Linux Mint (I recommend 8gb) then you set a password for your installation then click install and thats it.

Once Linux Mint is fully installed upon starting your PC you will be given a choice of which operating system you want to use Windows or Linux Mint

You download the ISO. image of Linux Mint 9 or Linux Mint Debian then you need to create a Bootable LiveCD/DVD for installation

Linux Mint 9 and Linux Mint Debian can also be run direct from the LiveCD/DVD from Booting up without touching your Hard Drive




LUg.



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How to capture C and CPP files in the linux operating system?

Q. I am new to linux and have been trying to figure this out forever for a homework assignment! I am supposed to use appropriate linux commands to capture all "C or CPP" files in the linux operating system and make a list of the files. I am using Xubuntu. I am a beginner and could use any advice! Thanks!

A. What does it mean to capture a file??

If you mean to find the files and list the results, use the 'find' command to search for *.c and *.cpp files in the whole system. You will get the result on the screen, and you can redirect the output to a file.

To find *.c files:
find / -name *.c

To find *.cpp files:
find / -name *.cpp

Explanation: the "/" means to start the search at the top of the file system, meaning that the search will include all the system. The "-name" means to search by name, and "*.c" is the file pattern you want to find.

To redirect the output, use "> output_file" for example:
find / -name *.cpp > output_file

Hope it helps. See the manual page 'man find' to learn more.

How to count duplicate the lines of a file by using Linux Shell Programming?
Q. Hi,

I'm new to linux and to shell programming. I have an assignment to create a shell script that shows all the folders, sub folders and files of the current directory. LS does this. But I must count how many duplicate lines each file has, and show the line that is repeated the most times in each file.

I really have no idea where to start. How can I read/compare lines within a file?

Thanks in advance!

A. grep . anyFile | sort | uniq | wc
grep . anyFile | sort | wc

If a line is repeated, the output of the top grep code will be less than the bottom one.

How do I download a version of Linux without deleting my windows xp?
Q. I want to download a version of Linux without erasing windows xp. Can someone please give me step-by-step information on how to do this.(If you are familiar with Linux could you please recommed the best version). Thanks.

A. Options to try Linux:

(1) Download what's called a "Live CD". That's a bootable CD which contains the Linux of your choice set up so that it runs directly off the CD and doesn't change your hard drive at all.
* pro: Easiest option to try it out and install it.
* con: Can be slow to boot and run, so if you want to experiment with Linux for days or weeks you might find using a Live CD tedious. Usually can't save anything because you can't write to the hard drive.

(2) Make your system dual-boot. Most Linux distributions allow you to split your hard drive by shrinking the space devoted to your "C:" drive and install Linux in the free space.
* pro: Get the best performance, as you're running directly on the hardware and reading and writing to a hard drive instead of a CD.
* con: Requires a permanent change to your hard disk and a modification of your Windows partition, introducting the possibility of a failure or glitch in this process ruining your Windows partition (I suggest you back up your drive or at least important files when you do this). Also, normally the Windows partition is invisible to Linux and vice versa (though there are tools to remedy this to varying degrees). If you switch a lot between OS'es, can be time consuming to reboot all the time.
* when it's best: Best option when you've decided to use Linux long term and it's the best performer. Also best if you plan to use the computer intensively and for long periods of time.


(3) Use an emulator. One is vmware, but you can find other options. Generally, emulators are programs that emulate a whole x86 computer in software. However, installing directly to your hard drive, you create a file that the emulator uses as a virtual hard disk and install onto that.
* pro: Requires no hardware changes. Can run both OS'es concurrently, so you can do things like cut and paste between the two systems, or even use networking. A good compromise between Live CD's in that it's faster than a live CD, slower than running directly on the hardware.
* con: Can be slower than running than on the native hardware. Some devices may not work properly running under emulation.
* when it's best: This option works best for folks who wish to use Windows mostly and Linux lightly, switching between the two, as the switching effort is next to none. Also best for short-term trials of one or more Linux distributions, as setting up different VM's is very easy.

(4) Loadlin is a system to let you install and run Linux on top of a FAT16 or FAT32 partition (default for Windows 98 and earlier; NTFS is default for NT, XP and later). Technically, you're dual booting and have to reboot to switch OS'es, but you don't need to repartition your drive:
* pro: Avoids the need to repartition
* con: Not an option for most people running XP, unless their drive is already formatted for FAT32.

As for favorite distribution, my current favorite is called "Ubuntu", derived from Debian (see link below). Debian is one of the best distributions but can be a complicated and intimidating setup for someone new to Linux. Ubuntu is a commercially supported derivative with a GUI installer, a friendly and powerful repartitioner, lots of popular and useful utilities built-in, and huge free online repositories available with even more software which can be installed automatically from a friendly GUI-based program.

Others are:

* Fedora Core, based on Red Hat Linux. Perhaps the most widely known and popular distribution in my experience. Broad support in terms of hardware and many programs both free and commercial are built to run on Red Hat, everything from Oracle Databases to freeware media players. Also offers an online package installation system like Debian and Ubuntu, which goes by the name of "yum" (never used it myself though).

* Slackware: A favorite of many Linux veterans. While it lacks the flashiness of more recent entrants like Red Hat, has a reputation for being a solid Linux distribution. In my experience I love setting up servers under slackware because I've had Slackware boxes run longer without crashing than anything else. Many Linux experts like it because of the simplicity with which one can configure it from the command line. However, as it's supported by a very small crew it evolves more slowly than others. An advantage or liability depending upon your point of view.

For others, shop around by visiting DistroWatch. There are many more options, too many to list. Everything from full-featured distributions which have every program under the sun to highly specialized distributions for everything from building parallel compute clusters (Parallel Knoppix, scientific Linux) to building video player boxes (GeexBox)

All the best, and have fun!!



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How to transfer folder from Mac to unix server?

Q. I am running OSX and using Terminal to ssh connect to a remote unix server. I need to transfer a folder containing files from my Mac to my account on the unix server. Should I sftp or stay in ssh? What commands do I use to transfer the folder? Any help would be appreciated.

A. You can use either sftp or scp.

sftp is an interactive session, similar to the following:

you@OSX $ sftp user@unix_server

sftp> cd <target_dir>

sftp> put <directory_to_be_copied_to_unix>

sftp> exit


Alternatively, you can use scp to copy the files from OSX to Unix server

you@OSX $ scp -rp <directory_to_be_copied> user@unix_server:/<destination_folder>

How do i send a file from unix to windows server using ftp or windoes ?
Q. How do i send a file from unix to windows server using ftp or windows ?

A. You provided very little information.

If you can FTP then I assume both computers have an internet connection.

Simply upload to the FTP site with Unix and download with Windows.

Did you know that Internet Explorer has a built-in FTP client?

It works just like an Explorer window. Just copy and paste or drag and drop.

If you don't have a good FTP location, you can transfer large files with YouSendIt.com.

OK?

How often is Unix used in the industy?
Q. I am a bachelor's student and I am learning Unix this semester. I was wondering how often will I be using Unix in my career? Languages like Java are used a lot. How often is Unix used?

A. Alright Unix and all the wonderful *nixes
1) you work for Apple you work with Unix
2) You work with large distributed Servers and systems
you work with Linux or Unix
3) You work in Western Europe: UK, Ireland, France, Germany (yeah I know its central but it is very Western)
You work with Unix or a *nix in server development and some of the time in a regular desktop
4) You work in the USA for a school/College you run a *nix
5) you work with a business in the USA, China, India, ect or very small businesses with basic computer functions you use in the business not necessarily on the server but most of the time with: Windows



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What's the difference between Linux operating systems?

Q. Linux has a lot of operating systems, I'm not even going to bother to list them. I was wondering, it there a difference between them? Does each type of Linux operating system hold a specific purpose? For example, Red Hat holds a different functionality to Ubuntu, or something like that.

A. Linux has many distros but all versions of Linux are the same OS.

Linux is extremely customizable. So much so that it'd be impossible for one person to do all the tweaks necessary to have what most people consider a polished and functional operating system. On top of that many Linux distros are heavily customized for specific purposes. Robotics, hardware appliance (routers for example), Real time OS (traffic lights, microwave ovens, unmanned aircraft), Music studios, Network security, Home theatre, Cash register, various industrial and scientific specialties, generic servers and so on.

There are also distros that are specialized to fit on a 1.44 floppy, thumb drives and a few distros specifically designed to run on CDs rather than be installed on a machine. There are distros that mimic other operating systems such as Mac OS and Windows so closely that at a glance you wouldn't know that you were not using those OS's. Other's are branded such as Dell's version of Ubuntu which is customized for Dell hardware.

There are also commercial versions of Linux. Red Hat Enterprise for example which is designed for high end servers and IBM's SUSE which has customizations for running on IBM virtual servers/being the host OS for the virtual servers, a desktop version which much of Europe's governments uses.

Distros often come with sub distros that are customized for various purposes. For example most major distros have a KDE and a Gnome version These are customized to people's favorite window managers and some distros support up to 5 or 6 window managers with sub-distros. Most support at least 2 or 3. Long term support, special purpose sub-distros like Ubuntu Studio which is geared for musicians are also common with widely used general distros.

The majority of distros however are shortcuts for Linux users to get what they want/need without spending the thousand of hours personally making those customizations. For example some like myself do too much customization and install too much software to upgrade a machine every 2 years. So long term support versions appeal heavily to me. I need and use a large variety of applications so it's important to have very large software repositories. Other people choose high performance bare bone distros. Some people want total control over their sytem and choose primitive distros that give you the bare min necessary, anything else the user installs themselves and customize as they see fit. (not recommended for anybody but an expert).

There are philosophical choices involved in choosing a distro. One big split for example is RH vrs Debian based systems. The RH fork (RHE, SUSE, Mandriva, CentOS) and Debian fork (Ubuntu, Debian) have some small differences in the way they are built. For example RH systems use YUM for software installation while Debian based systems use Apt-Get. You can install and use YUM on Debian systems and Apt-Get on RH systems. It's just a matter of defaults. Same with how root privileges are handled, and other minor details. The average user won't notice such subtle differences.

I've included a link to distro watch which gives details about specific distros as well as release cycles and where to download them.

What is the best linux distro for me?
Q. I am looking for a good linux distro. I don't like the standard GNOME 3 as I have tried the fedora live cd. I have tried KDE, its pretty good. I am currently running Kubuntu 11.10 and had ubuntu 11.04 unity before but I would like a linux thats advanced but easy. Thanks for your help.

A. The Linux Desktop is currently a mess with a plethora of options available. Unity as on Ubuntu 11.10 and GNOME 3 as on Fedora 16 are cluttered and in my opinion not suitable for use on a production machine. I need a Desktop Environment that allows me to just get things done with minimal fuss. This is where the older Gnome 2 Desktop Environment excels.

Linux Mint 12 goes some way to addressing this wth MGSE (Mint Gnome Shell Extensions) which is a layer built on top of GNOME 3 however like other distros. such as Fedora to deploy the GNOME 3 Desktop Environment for me does not convince

Linux Desktop Faceoff GNOME 3 vs Ubuntu Unity
http://lifehacker.com/5853099/linux-desktop-faceoff-gnome-3-vs-ubuntu-unity

There is a new project being developed by Linux Mint called Cinnamon however as with MGSE it is a layer built on top of GNOME 3
http://cinnamon.linuxmint.com/

I thoroughly recommend the earlier release Linux Mint 11 which is built upon Ubuntu 11.04 Its easy to install and easy to use plus it comes with much of the software you are likely to need preinstalled

Linux Mint 11 Download
http://www.linuxmint.com/edition.php?id=81

Linux Mint 11 Release Notes/Installation Guide/User Guide
http://linuxmint.com/rel_katya.php

Also worth considering is Linux Mint Debian Edition

Linux Mint Debian Edition Download
http://www.linuxmint.com/edition.php?id=88

Manual partitioning guide for Linux Mint Debian Edition
http://www.linuxbsdos.com/2010/12/28/manual-disk-partitioning-guide-for-linux-mint-debian-edition/


LUg.

How do I install linux and get rid of windows xp?
Q. I just got a computer from a friend that had a corrupted version of windows xp. I tried uninstalling it through the command prompts but it says it wont work. I tried installing linux but after the boot screen it comes up with all these error messages. Im not planning on partitioning my hard drives. Does anyone know if you have to uninstall windows to make linux work right?

A. This is exactly what happened to me 4 years ago!

I was so mad that I installed a Linux distro, (I think it was MEPIS), lost my windows data, (stupid me...I didn't bother to save my files to another drive/partition) and HAVE NEVER LOOKED BACK!

I love Linux and have closed the windows forever!

To be safe, I recommend that you get a "live CD" of a distro like Ubuntu or MEPIS and try it out. A 'live CD' won't change anything on your hard drive, (like destroy the existing data etc.), and will allow you to see if Linux will work with your hardware. If the computer was running XP then chances are it has the RAM and processor speed to do real justice to a Linux distro. Most live Cd's include a hard drive installer.

Almost all hardware now works with Linux; the exceptions being some of the latest boards for which drivers have not yet been written. So there is a very good chance your computer will work just fine under the Linux OS.

If you don't want to spend the $1.95 for a CD, UBUNTU will send you one for free, but it takes a while as they are mailed out of Europe. Try OSDisc.com and click on the live CD tab at the top of the page. Try Puppy Linux too...you can install it on a 1Gb thumb drive just in case you hard drive is kaput!

lake



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